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End products of digestion - amino acids, glucose and neutral fats
Glucose concentration is 80 - 120 mg per 100 ml of blood
Fats occur in plasma in form of small particles called chylomicrons
Cholesterol in plasma
In adult concentration should not exceed 250 mg per 100 ml
Desirable level is less than 200 mg/100 ml (Average U.S. value=205 mg/100 ml)
Borderline high-risk=200-239 mg/100 ml
High risk=more than 240 mg/100 ml
Familial hyperlipidemia - concentration may reach 1000 mg/100 ml - high incidence of atherosclerosis and heart disease
Cholesterol is found in all tissues and body fluids - 2 sources:
1. Absorption in intestinal tract from saturated fats - exogenous cholesterol
2. Formation in cells (especially liver cells) - endogenous cholesterol
Used by liver to form cholic acid which helps form bile salts
adrenal gland to form cortical hormones
ovaries to form progesterone and estrogen
testes to form testosterone
Large amounts in skin to prevent water evaporation, etc.
Plasma cholesterol is complexed with lipoproteins
The risk of heart attack may be due to form which cholesterol is being transported rather than total level
LDL (low density lipoprotein) transports cholesterol from liver to body cells
Excess LDL - cholesterol deposited in artery walls – atherosclerosis
Desirable level – less than 130 mg/100 ml
Borderline high-risk – 130-159 mg/100 ml
High risk – more than 160 mg/100 ml
HDL (high density lipoprotein) removes cholesterol from artery walls and prevents its deposition
Desirable level – 60 mg or more/100 ml
Risk factor – below 35 mg/100 ml
Recommended ratio of total cholesterol/HDL - Less than 4 – males, less than 3.5 - females
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List of Blood Test, Results and Reference Range
Riverside .
Sacramento .
San Bernardino .
San Diego .
San Francisco .
San Juan Capistrano .
San Mateo .
San Rafael .
Santa Ana .
Santa Barbara .
Santa Cruz .
Santa Monica .
Sonoma .
Whittier .
Colorado .
Aspen .
Aurora .
Boulder .
Colorado Springs .
Denver .
Durango .
Grand Junction .
Pueblo .
Connecticut .
Bridgeport .
Greenwich .
Hartford .
Middletown .
New Haven .
Norwich .
Delaware Rare Blood Ty .
Dover .
Elsmere .
Milford .
New Castle .
Rehoboth Beach .
Wilmington .
District of Columbia .
Washington .
Florida .
Boca Raton .
Clearwater .
Coral Springs .
Daytona Beach .
Delray Beach .
Fort Lauderdale .
Fort Myers .
Gainesville .
Jacksonville .
Key West .
Miami .
Ocala .
Orlando .
Palm Beach .
Saint Augustine .
St. Petersburg .
Sarasota .
Talahassee .
Tampa .
Georgia .
Athens .
Atlanta .
Augusta .
Colombus .
Macon .
Marietta .
Rome .
Roswell .
Savannah .
Valdosta .
Hawaii .
Hilo .
Honolulu .
Lahaina .
Wahiawa .
Waipahu .
Idaho .
Boise .
Couer d'Alene .
Pocatello .
Illinois .
Chicago .
Springfield .
Indiana .
Elkhart .
Evansville .
Fort Wayne .
Gary .
Indianapolis .
Muncie .
South Bend .
Terra Haute .
Valparaiso .
Iowa .
Cedar Falls .
Cedar Rapids .
Des Moines .
Dubuque .
Fort Dodge .
Waterloo .
Kansas .
Abilene .
Dodge City .
Shawnee .
Topeka .
Wichita .
Kentucky .
Danville .
Frankfort .
Lexington .
Lousville .
Paducah .
Louisiana .
Baton Rouge .
Bossier City .
Lafayette .
Lake Charles .
Metairie .
Monroe .
Natchitoches .
New Orleans .
Shreveport .
Maine .
Augusta .
Bangor .
Bar Harbor .
Caribou .
Kennebunk .
Portland .
Maryland .
Annapolis .
Baltimore .
Bethesda .
Bowie .
College Park .
Cumberland .
Frederick .
Gaithersburg .
Germantown .
Hagerstown .
Ocean City .
Rockville .
Salisbury .
Silver Spring .
Towson .
Waldorf .
Wheaton .
Massachusetts .
Andover .
Boston .
Braintree .
Charlestown .
Chelsea .
Danvers .
Dorchester .
Fall River .
Lowell .
Nantucket .
Plymouth .
Quincy .
Roxbury .
Worcester .
Michigan .
Ann Arbor .
Bay City .
Detroit .
Flint .
Grand Rapids .
Kalamazoo .
Lansing .
Sault Ste. Marie .
Minnesota .
Bloomington .
Duluth .
Minneapolis .
Minnetonka .
St. Paul .
Port Huron .
Mississippi .
Biloxi .
Greenville .
Jackson .
Natchez .
Tupelo .
Vicksburg .
Missouri .
Cape Girardeau .
Hannibal .
Jefferson City .
Kansas City .
St. Louis .
Montana .
Anaconda .
Billings .
Bozeman .
Butte .
Great Falls .
Helena .
Missoula .
Nebraska .
Lincoln .
North Platte .
Omaha .
Nevada .
Carson City .
Fallon .
Fernley .
Gerlach .
Las Vegas .
Reno .
New Hampshire .
Concord .
Portsmouth .
New Jersey .
Asbury Park .
Atlantic City .
Camden .
Hackensack .
Jersey City .
Newark .
Passaic .
Trenton .
New Mexico .
Alamagorda .
Albuquerque .
Clovis .
Las Cruces .
Los Alamos .
Roswell, New Mexico .
Santa Fe .
New York .
Albany .
Buffalo .
Elmira .
Lockport .
New York City .
Newburgh .
Niagara Falls .
Poughkeepsie .
Rochester .
Schenectady .
Syracuse .
Utica .
Watertown .
White Plains .
Williamsburgh .
Yonkers .
North Carolina .
Asheville .
Charlotte .
Durham .
Fayetteville .
Greensboro .
Raleigh .
Wilmington .
Winston-Salem .
North Dakota .
Bismarck .
Fargo .
Grand Forks .
Mandan .
Minot .
Ohio .
Akron .
Cincinnati .
Cleveland .
Columbus .
Dayton .
Kent .
Steubenville .
Toledo .
Youngstown .
Oklahoma .
Oklahoma City .
Stillwater .
Tulsa .
Oregon .
Bend .
The Dalles .
Eugene .
Klamath Falls .
Medford .
Portland .
Salem .
Pennsylvania .
Allentown .
Altoona .
Erie .
Gettysburg .
Harrisburg .
Philadelphia .
Pittsburgh .
Reading .
Scranton .
York .
Rhode Island .
Newport .
Pawtucket .
Providence .
South Carolina .
Charleston .
Columbia .
Greenville .
Spartanburg .
South Dakota .
Pierre .
Rapid City .
Sioux City .
Watertown .
Tennessee .
Chattanooga .
Franklin .
Knoxville .
Memphis .
Nashville .
Oak Ridge .
Texas .
Abilene .
Amarillo .
Austin .
Baytown .
Beaumont .
Brownsville .
Corpus Christi .
Dallas .
El Paso .
Fort Worth .
Galveston .
Houston .
Laredo .
Lubbock .
McAllen .
Marshall .
Nacogdoches .
Port Arthur .
San Antonio .
Tyler .
Waco .
Utah .
Ogden .
Provo .
Salt Lake City .
Vermont .
Burlington .
Montpelier .
Virginia .
Alexandra .
Arlington .
Blacksburg .
Charlottesvile .
Chesapeake .
Fairfax .
Fredericksburg .
Lexington .
Manassas .
Newport News .
Norfolk .
Radford .
Richmond .
Roanoke .
Stafford .
Staunton .
Suffolk .
Tyson's Corner .
Virginia Beach .
Washington .
Aberdeen .
Bremerton .
Olympia .
Richland .
Seattle .
Spokane .
Tacoma .
Walla Walla .
Yakima .
West Virginia .
Charleston .
Harper's Ferry .
Huntington .
Martinsburg .
Morgantown .
Wheeling .
Wisconsin .
Eau Claire .
Fond du Lac .
Green Bay .
La Crosse .
Madison .
Milwaukee .
Oshkosh .
Racine .
Wausau .
Wyoming .
Casper .
Cheyenne .
Laramie .
Rock Springs .
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